Sātārā - The city which gets its name from the seven forts (Sat-Tara)

Satara (ISO: Sātārā) is a city located in the Satara District of Maharashtra state of India, near the confluence of the river Krishna and its tributary, the Venna.[2] The city was established in the 16th century and was the seat of the Chhatrapati of Maratha Empire, Shahu I. It is the headquarters of Satara Tehsil, as well as the Satara District. The city gets its name from the seven forts (Sat-Tara) which are around the city. The city is known as a Soldier's city as well as Pensioner's city.

सातारा- View from Ajinkyatara Fort of the city of Satara (Maharashtra)

Geography

Satara is located at 17.68°N 73.98°E.[5] It lies in the Satara District.[6] Satara city is surrounded by seven mountains. Satara lies on the slope of Ajinkyatara fort.[7] It lies on the western side of the Deccan Plateau. Pune and Solapur are the main cities close to Satara.[6] The city is surrounded by the tehsils of Koregaon on the West, Karad and Patan on the South, Jawali on the East and Wai on the North.[6]

National Highway 48 (formerly National Highway 4) passes through Satara, between Karad and Khandala.[8] Kaas Plateau, a valley of flowers, is situated 25 km away from Satara .[9]

The Satara District experiences earthquakes of minor magnitudes. the epicenter of these earthquakes are scattered in Patan Taluka.[7]

Satara is famous for the Kaas Plateau, Thoseghar, and a lot of natural sites present in the vicinity of the city. Kass Plateau has been awarded as a UNESCO's World Heritage Site (WHS). In the monsoon months, the Kaas Pathar, as it is locally known, transforms into a wildflower wonderland. More particularly so in September when vivid shades of pink balsams, yellow Smithia flowers, and blue utricularias carpet the vast grasslands. It’s a must-visit for serious botanists, amateur photographers to witness the spectrum of Western Ghats monsoon montane grasslands flora, some of which are rare and endangered.

Satara city from Ajinkyatara fort

Climate 

Satara city has a tropical wet and dry climate that is influenced by the relatively high altitude and mountains surrounding the city. Summers are more hot than the winters. Satara city receives rainfall from 900 mm to 1,500 mm depending on the strength of the monsoon.

Climatic Data of Satara

Demographics 

As of 2011 India census,[14] Satara had a population of 120,079; 61,129 are males while 59,066 are females, thus males constituted 52% of the population and females 48%.[15] Satara has an average literacy rate of 80%, higher than the national average of 74%: male literacy is 84%, and female literacy is 76%. In Satara, 10% of the population is under 6 years of age. Marathi is the native and most widely spoken language. Hindi is spoken by 1.5% of the population.

Maharashtra state's sex ratio is 883 girls per 1000 boys, and Satara fares worse still at 881, in spite of the high level of literacy.

The population of Satara has crossed the municipal limits and actual urban agglomerate population 326,765. The city is surrounded with census towns viz. Pratikash B. Karanje, Khed, Godoli and Vilaspur. These census towns are considered as suburban of Satara city.

The nod for Satara city,[17] limit expansion was given by Devendra Fadnavis then chief minister of Maharashtra on 16 September 2019. The matter was pending for 40 years. The city's border will be extended to NH4 towards east, to Ajinkyatara on the south, the whole region south to Venna River, Shahupuri, Sambhajinagar, Vilaspur and Dare Budruk grampanchayats will become a part of Satara city.

Civic administration

Satara is a Municipal Council city in district of Satara, Maharashtra.[21] Satara Municipal Council, with population of about 1.2 lakh is Satara sub district's only municipal council located in Satara sub district of Satara district in the state Maharashtra in India.[22] Total geographical area of Satara municipal council is 8 square km. Population density of the city is 14748 persons per square km.[23]

The Satara city is divided into 39 wards for which elections are held every 5 years.[15] Among them Satara Ward No 19 is the most populous ward with population of 4691 and Satara Ward No 23 is the least populous ward with population of 2206.[15]

Civic utilities

Water from the Kaas lake is supplied to Satara city for drinking purposes.[24] Maharashtra Jeevan Pradhikaran supplies water to Satara city.[25] 19 MLD is supplied , but because of water leakage during transmission, only 17.2 MLD gets supplied effectively.[26]

Satara Municipal Council is responsible for providing sanitation and solid waste management services in the city, through private contractors.[26] 70 MT/day of solid waste is generated per day. 18 Mt/ day is disposed off through composting.[27] 8.17 sq km of the city, covering 20972 households, are covered under door to door collection.[28]

12.8 MLD of sewage is generated in the city.[27] Satara Municipal Council has plans to construct a STP of 17.5 MLD capacity.[27]

The Maharashtra Right to Public Service Act, 2015 is a revolutionary Act.[29] Citizens can get complete information regarding which services are available under this Act by accessing either the mobile app RTS Maharashtra or ‘Aaple Sarkar’ Web Portal.[29] Citizens can even apply online for availing these services.

Economy

Sugarcane is the single biggest crop of Satara along with turmeric and ginger. The Satara district has around 302 banks. The per capita of Satara district is nearly 1.2 times the state average.[30] The British had, during the pre-Independence period started a variety of industries in Satara for Menthol and soap manufacturing in 1905. Bigger industries for copper were started in 1922. After independence, the whole district was stagnant in industrial growth. From 1950-60, industrial growth restarted and the manufacture of jaggery was started in the Satara Tehsil area. There is tanning industry in Satara city. It existed during the British rule, and after independence, the Maharashtra government established a modern tanning center in 1957.

Transport

Satara is about 250 km from Mumbai on National Highway 48 (via Mumbai Pune Expressway and PB road) & 110 km away from Pune. Train services from Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus railway station, Mumbai to Kolhapur via Satara. Private travels and government state transport buses are available from Borivali, Dadar, Mumbai Central, and Thane to Satara. Satara is around 110 km from Pune (Pune Airport is the nearest airport) by road.

Satara city is well connected with the rest of Maharashtra by road and rail. National Highway 48 a part of the Golden Quadrilateral running between Delhi and Chennai passes through Satara connecting Mumbai and Pune on north side and kolhapur on south side in Maharashtra. A bypass was constructed to avoid traffic congestion in the city. National Highway 965D connects Kedgaon, Supe, Morgaon, Nira, Lonand, Wathar up to Satara. National Highway 548C starts from Satara, Satara-Akluj-Latur Highway connects Satara city to Latur, it passes through Koregaon, Pusegaon, Mhaswad, Akluj, Tembhurni and Murud. It will also be a 4 lane highway, work is going to start soon. State Highway 58 connects Satara with Mahabaleshwar and Solapur.[citation needed]

Satara railway station lies on the Pune-Miraj line of the Central Railways and is administered by the Pune Railway Division. The railway station is located a small distance east of the city and is served by several express trains. Sahyadri Express, Koyna Express, Mahalaxmi Express, Maharashtra Express, Goa Express are daily trains that have stops at Satara.[citation needed] Satara Mahad Bankot is a newly declared national highway connecting Satara to the Konkan region.

Railways

Satara – 7 km from city

Satara has railway station situated near Mahuli about 07 km distance on the Satara Pandharpur road from Satara Bus stand. Satara is On Route from Mumbai to Miraj, Sangli, Kolhapur, and Bangalore (some trains). You can reach Satara from Mumbai or Pune easily by road or rail (Mahalaxmi Express, Koyna Express,"Goa Express", Sahyadri Express or Chalukya Express).

City Developmenst Plan

Project of City Developmenst Plan Satara Putting Balaghat on international tourarem map. The Preparation and Adaptation of local area tourarem policy to achieve high speed tourarem developmenst. To contribute to sustainable GDP growth job creation redaretribution and transformation Formulate marketing strategy and plan for Effective international and domestic marketing Upgrade extend national web-site and link to other sites platforms GDP growth job creation Redaretribution and transformation Increasing touraret volumes Increasing touraret spend Increasing length of stay of vareitors Improving the geographic spread of vareitors Improving seasonality patterns Preparation of City Developmenst plan with a vareion of AN ECO-HERITGE-TOURISM-AGRO TRADE CITY quot A city with quality service efficiency amp Environmenst A MAHARASHTRA NAGAROTTHAN ABHIYAN PROJECT Developmenst of THE CITY on INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS Assessmenst of city potentials including He/Sheritage Tourarem Industry Trade Agriculture etc Proposing Developmenst Rules and Regulations towards better developmenst of city and plan for the developmenst of He/Sheritage Structures Sewerage Network Water Supply Network River Basin Rejuvenation Plan Suggestions towards capacity developmenst of Municipal Council Suggestions towards Dilapidated housing Slum housing. 

AMRAVATI - City of immense cultural and religious importance in Maharashtra.

Amravati is the second largest city in the Vidarbha region and ninth largest city in Maharashtra, India. It is administrative headquarter of Amravati district and Amravati division which includes Akola, Buldhana, Washim and Yavatmal districts. It is one of the Maharashtra's nominated city under Smart Cities Mission.

In 1983, Amravati city became Vidarbha's second Municipal corporation.[6] Located about 663 (412 mi) kilometers east of the state capital Mumbai and 152 (94 mi) kilometers west of Nagpur, Amravati is the second largest city of the Vidarbha region after Nagpur.

Melghat Lake

Ekvira Temple

Geography

Amravati is located at 20.93°N 77.75°E.[7] It has an average elevation of 343 meters (1125 feet). It lies 156 km (97 mi) west of Nagpur and serves as the administrative centre of Amravati District and of Amravati Division. The city is located near the passes through the hills that separate the cotton-growing regions of the Purna basin to the West and the Wardha basin to the East. Chikhaldara is near about 80 km from Amravati city which is the only hill station in the Vidarbha region. The land area of the city is around 183.5 km2 (70.8 sq mi).

Melghat Tiger

Melghst Tiger Reserve

Climate

Amravati has a tropical wet and dry climate with hot, dry summers and mild to cool winters. Summer lasts from March to June, monsoon season from July to October, and winter from November to March.

The highest and lowest temperatures ever recorded were 49.1 °C on 25 May 2013 and 5.0 °C on 9 February 1887 respectively.

Climatic data of Amravati 

Co-ordinates:20°55′33″N 77°45′53″E

Demographics

The population of Amravati city in 2011 was 646,801; of which males and females are 330,544 and 316,257 respectively. The sex ratio of Amravati city is 957 per 1000 males. The population in the age range of 0–6 years was 62,497. The effective literacy rate (population over 7 years of age) was 93.03%.[2]

Religion

Edit

Religion in Amravati(2011)[11]

Hinduism (62.69% 

Islam (21.75%)

Buddhism (14.15%)

Jainism (0.74%)

Christianity (0.34%)

Sikhism (0.13%)

Others (0.04%)

Hinduism is the major religion in Amravati with 63% followers, with Islam having 22% and Buddhism having 14% followers

Transport

Roads

The star city bus services are run by the Amravati Municipal Corporation. Private auto rickshaws and cycle rickshaws are also popular. Amravati has also started a Women's Special City bus which is a first in the Vidarbha region.

The Maharashtra State Road Transport Corporation (MSRTC) provides transport services for intercity and interstate travel. Many private operators also ply on the highly traveled Amravati – Pune and Amravati – Indore route. Bus services to cities like Nagpur, Yavatmal, Bhopal, Harda, Indore, Raipur, Jabalpur, Mumbai, Pune, Akola, Dharni, Nanded, Aurangabad, Jalna, Burhanpur, Parbhani, Solapur, Khandwa, Gondia, Shirdi, Hyderabad, Paratwada (Achalpur) and Kolhapur are also available.

National Highway 6 (old numbering), which runs from Hazira (Surat) to Kolkata, passes through Amravati.

New Star City Buses are launched in the city replacing the old city buses.

Railway

Amravati has three railway stations:Amravati railway station, situated in the heart of the city is a terminus. The railway line could not be extended beyond it. Therefore, a new station was constructed outside the city when a new railway line was laid to connect Badnera junction to Narkhed on the Nagpur-Itarsi main railway line. Amravati railway station is situated on the branch line from Badnera on Nagpur-Bhusawal section of Howrah-Nagpur-Mumbai line of Central Railways.

New Amravati railway station building was inaugurated on 10 December 2011. Amravati railway station provides multiple shuttle services to Badnera throughout the day.

Badnera Junction railway station serves the area of Badnera in Amravati. It is a junction station on the Howrah-Nagpur-Mumbai line. There is a broad gauge line to Narkhed.

Amravati Railway Station

Airport

Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Airport Amravati, located at Bellora, 15 kilometers from NH-6 towards Yavatmal, is operated by the Maharashtra Airport Development Company (MADC). Presently it has no commercial scheduled flights. The Nagpur Flying Club has applied to DGCA for permission to shift its flying operations to Amravati airport.[13] It also has a helipad facility. MADC is acquiring about 400 Hectares of land for developing the airport and related facilities at an estimated cost of Rs. 2.25 billion.[14]

Development implementation in Amravati 

THANE- WITNESS THE RISE OF THE CITY OF LAKES

Thane (Marathi: [ˈʈʰaːɳeː]; also known as Thana, the official name until 1996) is a metropolitan city in Maharashtra, India. It is situated in the north-eastern portion of the Salsette Island. Thane city is entirely within Thane taluka, one of the seven talukas of Thane district; also, it is the headquarters of the namesake district. With a population of 1,841,488 distributed over a land area of about 147 square kilometres (57 sq mi), Thane city is the 15th most populated city in India with a population of 1,890,000 according to the 2011 census.

Located on the northwestern side of the state of Maharashtra, the city is an immediate neighbour of Mumbai city and a part of the Mumbai Metropolitan Region

Etymology and other names

The word 'Thane' is derived from local Marathi word "ठाणे" meaning "Police Check Post". Thane was the next Major British Police Check Post after Mumbai (formerly Bombay).

The name Thane has been variously Romanised as Tana,[2] Thana,[3] Thâṇâ,[4] and Thame.[5] Ibn Battuta and Abulfeda knew it as Kukin Tana; Duarte Barbosa as Tana Mayambu.[6] Before 1996, the city was called 'Thana', the British spelling of the city, until it was replaced with the more-local name.

Transport

Railways

Thana was the terminus for the first ever passenger train in Asia. On 16 April 1853, the passenger train service was inaugurated between Bori Bunder (Bombay) and Thane.^[9] Covering a distance of 34 km (21 mi), it was hauled by three locomotives: Sahib, Sindh and Sultan.

Thane is connected with neighbouring suburbs through Central and Trans-Harbour Line Suburban railway network. Thane is a railway junction for the Thane-Vashi & Panvel Harbour Line and Central Line. It is one of the busiest stations in India and handles 654,000 passengers daily.^[10][11]

Metro

As of 2019, Wadala and Thane are being connected through a Metro line.^[12]

On 26 August 2015, the MMRDA sanctioned ₹354 billion for 118 km Mumbai metro network. This includes a 40-km Wadala-Ghatkopar-Thane-Kasarvadavali Metro-4 corridor via Wadala GPO and R.A.Kidwai Marg costing ₹120 billion.^[13]

As of January 2021, the MMRDA, the nodal agency for building 300 km of vast Metro network, has proposed a plan to build an elevated depot for three Metro lines : 4 (Wadala-Thane-Kasarvadavali), 4A (Kasarvadavali-Gaimukh), 10 (Gaimukh-Shivaji Nagar) and 11 (Wadala-General Post Office, CSMT) at one stop. This depot is proposed at Mogharpada, Thane. The total project cost is estimated to be ₹ 596.60 crore.^[14]

Thane Municipal Transport (TMT) 

Main article: Thane Municipal Transport (TMT)

Thane Municipal Corporation started its own transport service on 9 February 1989, known as Thane Municipal Transport (TMT). TMT provides services the city interior and Mumbai suburbs like Mulund, Andheri, Mira road, Nala Sopara, Bhiwandi, Vasai, Virar, Borivali, Vashi, Airoli, Ghatkopar, Dadar, Bandra, BKC, Bhayandar, Kalyan, and Panvel, among others.^[15]

Dadoji Kondadev Stadium

Talao Pali

Hiranandani Estate

Eastern Express Highway

Upvan lake

Coordinates: 19.172431°N 72.957019°E

Country -  India

State - Maharashtra

District - Thane

Government

 • Type - Municipal Corporation

 • Body - Thane Municipal Corporation

 • Mayor - Naresh Mhaske

 • Deputy Mayor - Pallavi Kadam

 • Municipal Commissioner - Dr. Vipin Sharma

Area

• Total - 147 km2 (57 sq mi)

 • Rank - 15

 

Population (2011)

 • Total - 1,886,941

 • Rank - 15

 • Density- 13,000/km2 (33,000/sq mi)

Demonym(s) - Thanekar

Language

 • Official - Marathi

 

Time zone - UTC+5:30 (IST) 

PIN - 400601—15

Telephone code - 022

Vehicle registration - MH-04 (Thane City) MH-05 (Kalyan)

Lok Sabha constituencies - Thane,Kalyan

Vidhan Sabha constituencies - Thane

Kopri-Pachpakhadi

Ovala-Majiwada

Mumbra-Kalwa

Literacy (2017-18) - 91.36%

Website - thanecity.gov.in

Geography

Climate

Thane has a tropical monsoon climate that borders on a tropical wet and dry climate. The overall climate is equable with high rainfall days and very few days of extreme temperatures.

In Thane, temperature varies from 22 °C to 36 °C. Winter temperatures can fall to 12 °C at night while summer temperatures can rise to over 40 °C at noon. The lowest daytime temperatures are witnessed during the peak of the summer monsoon in July and August when temperatures can drop to about 25 °C. Out of total rainfall, 80% rainfall is experienced during June to October. Average annual rainfall is 2000–2500 mm and humidity is 61–86%, making it a humid zone.

Demographics

The population of Thane according to the 2011 census is 1,886,941.[19] The average literacy rate of Thane city is 91.36 percent for where male and female literacy was 94.19 and 88.14 percent respectively. The sex ratio of Thane city is 882 females per 1000 males. Child sex ratio is 900 girls per 1000 boys. Total children (0–6) in Thane city are 186,259 as per Census India report on 2011. There were 98,017 boys while 88,242 are girls. Children form 10.24% of total population of Thane City.[20]

The dominant language spoken in Thane is Marathi. Around 70% of population speaks Marathi. Some of the East Indian families in the Khatri ward of Thane still speak Portuguese.[21] About 1,800 of India's approximately 5,000 Jews live in Thane. 

NAVI MUMBAI - THE SATELLITE CITY OF MUMBAI

Navi Mumbai (Marathi pronunciation: [nəʋiː mumbəiː], is a planned city situated on the west coast of the Indian subcontinent, lies in Konkan division of Maharashtra state, on the mainland of India. Navi Mumbai is part of the Mumbai Metropolitan Region (MMR). The city is divided into two, North Navi Mumbai and South Navi Mumbai, for the individual development of Panvel Mega City, which includes the area from Kharghar to Uran, including Taloja node. Mainly in Navi Mumbai Aagri and Koli Community resides. Navi Mumbai has a population of 1,119,477[1] as per the 2011 provisional census. It has an average city elevation of 14 meters, excluding forest area.

Navi Mumbai - City

                                  Navi Mumbai Skyline

                                  Vashi Station Complex

                                  Utsav Chauk, Kharghar

                                  Vashi, Navi Mumbai           

                                  Vashi Railway Station

                                  Navi Mumbai Municipal Corporation

                                   D.Y Patil Sports Stadium

                                  Coordinates: 19°01′N 73°01′E

Country - India

State - Maharashtra

Districts - Includes parts of Thane, Raigad districts

Planned, Developed and Owned By - CIDCO

Elevation - 14 m (46 ft)

Population - • Total 1,119,488

Language - • Official Marathi

Vehicle registration -

MH-43 (Navi Mumbai's Thane district), MH-46 (Panvel Raigad district)

The area was proposed in 1971 as a new urban township of Mumbai by the Government of Maharashtra. A new public sector undertaking, CIDCO, was established for this purpose.[2] Navi Mumbai is situated across two districts, Thane and Raigad.[3] The city has been ranked 3rd among 73 cities surveyed for cleanliness and hygiene by the Union Ministry of Urban Development (MoUD) and Quality Council of India (QCI) as a part of Swachh Bharat Abhiyan.[4] Majority of Infrastructure and buildings are made & owned by Government of India.

Navi Mumbai is home to various educational institutions offering courses in several streams including engineering, medical sciences, interior designing, and hotel management. Various multinational corporations like ACG Group, AGS Transact Technologies, Aplab, Siemens, McDonald's, Morningstar, Inc., Baker Hughes, Bureau Veritas, Bizerba, CRISIL, 1DEFENCE Security Solutions, Reliance, Mastek, Accenture, Selcore Technology, Hexaware Technologies, firstsource, Hinduja Group, Larsen & Toubro, VENUS Safety and cyber security multinational Velox have their head offices/branches across the city, making it an active business hub. Navi Mumbai also has various recreational facilities such as a Golf Course, Central Park and Pandavkada Water Falls in Kharghar, Parsik Hill near CBD Belapur, Wonders Park and Jewel of Navi Mumbai in Nerul and Seawoods, Mini Seashore Juhu Chowpatty in Juhu Nagar (Juhu Gaon), Sagar Vihar in Vashi, Pirwad, Nagav, and Mankeshwar Beaches in Uran, Belapur Fort in CBD Belapur, Karnala Bird Sanctuary near Panvel, and several other public places like gardens and jogging tracks. Navi Mumbai also has many quality restaurants and luxury hotels for accommodation. There are many shopping malls, such as Seawoods Grand Central Mall in Seawoods, Little World Mall, Glomax Mall and Prime Mall in Kharghar, Orion Mall and K-Mall in Panvel, Centre One Mall, Inorbit Mall, Raghuleela Mall, Citi Centre and Palm Beach Galleria in Vashi. Navi Mumbai is also a host to many best health care centres and hospitals like MITR Hospital in Sector 05, Kharghar, Fortis Hiranandani Hospital near Juhu Village, Juhu Nagar (Vashi), Apollo Hospital in Belapur and SRL diagnostic centres in Kharghar, Panvel, Kamothe, Kalamboli, Kopar Khairane, Juhu Gaon to name a few.

Implementation, development and issues

                                  Navi Mumbai traffic at rush hour

                                  Low Income housing facilities in Navi Mumbai

                                  Vashi, Navi Mumbai

                                  Skyline of Nerul, Navi Mumbai

                                  Seawoods Grand Central Mall, Navi Mumbai

                                  Utsav Chowk at Kharghar

The planning of Navi Mumbai began in 1971 and involved leading architects and urban planner like Charles Correa (Chief Architect), Shirish Patel, Pravina Mehta[6] and R. K. Jha (Chief Planner),[7] The City and Industrial Development Corporation (CIDCO) was established on 17 March 1971, under the Indian Companies Act, 1956 for this purpose. The area covered 150 kilometres (93 mi) of the total 720 kilometres (450 mi) of the Konkan coast. Privately owned land consisting of 86 villages covering 15,954 hectares (39,420 acres) within the present limits of Navi Mumbai and further villages measuring an additional 2,870 hectares (7,100 acres) were acquired by the government of Maharashtra.[8] Navi Mumbai covers the southern part of Thane taluka (from Thane District) and part of Panvel and Uran talukas (from Raigad District).

CIDCO carved out 19 small nodes with a view towards facilitating comprehensive development. These nodes were named Airoli, Ghansoli, Kopar Khairane, Juhu Nagar, Vashi, Turbhe, Sanpada, Juinagar, Nerul, Darave, Karave Nagar, CBD Belapur, Kharghar, Kamothe, New Panvel, Kalamboli, Ulwe, Dronagiri and Taloja.

CIDCO planned and constructed all the railway stations, roads and public spaces in Navi Mumbai and developed nearby areas commercially.

                                   Vashi Bridge across the creek

In 1973, the Vashi bridge was opened to the public for residents of Vashi, CBD Belapur and Nerul. The Sion-Panvel Highway was built to reduce the time taken to travel from Sion to Panvel. Initially, there was not much response to the new city. Major changes took place only after 1990, with the commissioning of a wholesale agricultural produce market at Turbhe and the construction of a commuter railway line from Mankhurd to Vashi in May 1992. These developments caused a sudden growth in economic activities and population in Navi Mumbai.

The city was originally planned to create affordable housing for people who could not afford living in Mumbai. It was decided not to let any slum pockets pop up across the city. But it failed. as, according to the 2001 census, a fifth to a third of the population of municipalised Navi Mumbai lives in slums and gaothans (urban villages), with thousands of buildings violating planning norms.

By the end of the 1990s, the planning authority of Navi Mumbai initiated private participation in the developmental activity of Navi Mumbai. A new railway link between Nerul and Uran was inaugurated on 11 November 2018. Southern Navi Mumbai is being developed rapidly with its class infrastructure and modern nodes of Kharghar, Kamothe, Panvel and Kalamboli. These nodes are experiencing major infrastructural developments due to their proximity to the proposed Navi Mumbai International Airport. Also, the latest development known as 'One Time Planning' with an estimated budget of ₹12,821 crores is underway to transform the municipalised Navi Mumbai on the lines of the Mega Cities of the world.